International Journal of Medical Laboratory Research (IJMLR)

STUDY OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL PATTERNS OF INTRACRANIAL LESIONS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN HARYANA: A CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY

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M Gupta, D Mehrotra, L Monga, N Marwah, S Singh

 

ABSTRACT: Introduction: Central nervous system tumors comprise 1-2% of all tumours and constitute a heterogeneous group which shows a spectrum of morphological features. Although the mainstay of diagnosis including its grading remains conventional Hematoxylin-Eosinstained histopathology but it is not always straightforward and the pathologist faces diagnostic dilemmas due to overlap in morphological features and divergent differentiation within the same tumor. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) plays a major role in the differential diagnosis and in improving the diagnostic accuracy. The present study was done to determine the utility of IHC in the diagnosis and grading of brain tumors. Patients and Methods: Thestudy was carried out between January-September 2019. The demographic, clinical and imaging details of all the cases were noted. Brain tumors were diagnosed based on examination of H&E stained sections. IHC markers were applied in difficult cases for an accurate diagnosis. Results: Out of 40 cases, 95 %were primary and 5%were metastatic tumors. Headache was most common symptom and most common site was the anterior fossa. Astrocytoma was the most common diagnosis. Grading of tumors was done as per the universal grading system. IHC was done on problematic cases to reach the final diagnosis and grading. Discussion and Conclusions: This study was carried out to highlight the importance of IHC in identifying the tumor cell type and its origin in case of metastasis. IHC also helps in assessing the proliferation index of the tumor cells, excluding reactive processes,evaluating the tumor margins and as a prognostic indicator of different types of CNS tumors.

 

KEY WORDS: CNS Tumors, Immunohistochemistry, Radiology, Astrocytoma, Meningioma

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