International Journal of Medical Laboratory Research (IJMLR)

HEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES IN HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS

 

A Mishra, TR Jafri, EA Andriyas

​

ABSTRACT: Hypertension is a major global health problem and a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence suggests that hypertension is associated with significant hematological alterations involving red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and inflammatory biomarkers. These changes contribute to endothelial dysfunction, increased blood viscosity, inflammation, and thrombotic complications. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding hematological changes in hypertensive patients, their pathophysiological basis, clinical significance, and future implications for diagnosis and prognosis.

​

 Key words: Hypertension, Hematology, Erythrocytes, Platelet aggregation, Coagulation, Blood viscosity.

​

​

REFERENCE: 

1. [1]. Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018;71(19):e127-e248.

2. [2]. Harrison DG, Guzik TJ, Lob HE, et al. Inflammation, immunity, and hypertension. Hypertension. 2011;57(2):132-140.

3. [3]. Varol E, Akcay S, Icli A, et al. Mean platelet volume in patients with prehypertension and hypertension. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc. 2010;45(1):67-72.

4. [4]. Balta S, Demirkol S, Unlu M, et al. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio may be predict of mortality in all conditions. Exp Clin Cardiol. 2013;18(1):27-31.

5. [5]. Lippi G, Plebani M. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and human pathology. One size fits all. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2014;52(5):609-618.

6. [6]. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. JAMA. 2003;289(19):2560-2572.

7. [7]. Tanindi A, Topal FE, Topal F, Celik B. Platelet distribution width in patients with prehypertension and hypertension. Blood Press. 2012;21(2):80-83.

8. [8]. Jiang R, Xu L, Liu X, et al. Association between red blood cell distribution width and hypertension in a community-based population. J Hypertens. 2018;36(6):1258-1264.

9. [9]. Liu X, Zhang Q, Wu H, et al. Blood neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of hypertension. Am J Hypertens. 2015;28(11):1339-1346.

10. [10]. Kasap H, Kasap M, Alpay F, et al. Hematological parameters in essential hypertension. Turk J Med Sci. 2012;42(3):420-425.

11. [11]. Yilmaz G, Sezer MT, Uz E, et al. The relationship between blood pressure variability and hematological parameters in essential hypertension. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2010;32(5):323-329.

12. [12]. Madjid M, Fatemi O. Components of the complete blood count as risk predictors for coronary heart disease: in-depth review and update. Tex Heart Inst J. 2013;40(1):17-29.

13. [13]. Patel KV, Ferrucci L, Ershler WB, et al. Red blood cell distribution width and the risk of death in middle-aged and older adults. Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(6):515-523.

14. [14]. Grassi G, Ram VS. Evidence for a critical role of the sympathetic nervous system in hypertension. J Am Soc Hypertens. 2016;10(5):457-466.

15. [15]. Touyz RM. Reactive oxygen species, vascular oxidative stress, and redox signaling in hypertension. Hypertension. 2004;44(3):248-252.

16. [16]. Schiffrin EL. Immune mechanisms in hypertension and vascular injury. Clin Sci (Lond). 2014;126(4):267-274.